Describe a type of pollution that you are concerned about. You should say:

• what type of pollution it is
• how it is caused
• what effects it has on the environment and people's health
• and explain why you are concerned about it.

下面我将为你提供一个高质量的回答范例，并附上一些核心词汇、思路解析和实用句型,帮助你更好地准备和个性化你的回答。

回答范例

Alright, the type of pollution I'm most concerned about is air pollution.

I live in a fairly big city, and even though we've made some progress in recent years, the air quality here is still a significant issue, especially during certain times of the year. It's something that affects my daily life, and that's why it's on my mind a lot.

The main causes of this problem are, firstly, the sheer number of vehicles on the road. Traffic jams are a common sight, and all those cars, buses, and motorcycles running on petrol or diesel emit a huge amount of exhaust fumes, which are full of harmful substances like nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter. Secondly, many of our older factories and power plants are still burning coal for energy. Although there are regulations, some of them might not be strictly enforced, releasing pollutants high into the atmosphere. Lastly, we can't ignore the contribution from construction sites, where dust and debris can easily get into the air.

The effects of this are quite serious. For the environment, air pollution is a major contributor to acid rain, which can damage forests, acidify our lakes and rivers, and harm wildlife. It's also a primary driver of climate change, trapping heat and leading to global warming. For people's health, the consequences are even more direct and alarming. Breathing in polluted air can lead to a range of respiratory problems, from asthma and bronchitis to more serious long-term conditions like lung cancer. It can also aggravate heart conditions and, as we've seen in recent years, make people more vulnerable to respiratory viruses.

I'm concerned about it for several reasons. Firstly, it's an invisible threat. You can't always see or smell the bad air, but it's there, constantly affecting you. Secondly, it affects everyone, regardless of age or social status. Children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions are the most vulnerable, but no one is truly immune. Finally, I'm concerned because it feels like a problem that requires a collective effort. While I can do my part by using public transport or cycling, the real solutions need to come from government policies, stricter regulations on industries, and a shift towards cleaner, renewable energy sources. It's a complex issue, but it's crucial for our future.

核心词汇与短语

你可以根据这个词汇表来替换和丰富自己的回答。

类型:

• Air pollution (空气污染)
• Water pollution (水污染)
• Noise pollution (噪音污染)
• Light pollution (光污染)
• Soil contamination (土壤污染)
• Plastic pollution (塑料污染)

原因:

• To be caused by... (由...引起)
• Vehicle emissions / exhaust fumes (车辆尾气)
• Industrial waste / effluent (工业废料/废水)
• Burning fossil fuels (燃烧化石燃料)
• Deforestation (砍伐森林)
• Improper waste disposal (不当的废物处理)
• Agricultural runoff (农业径流)
• Urban sprawl (城市扩张)

影响:

• Adverse effects / negative consequences (负面影响)
• To pose a threat to... (对...构成威胁)
• Respiratory problems / issues (呼吸系统问题)
• Respiratory diseases (呼吸道疾病)
• To exacerbate health conditions (使健康状况恶化)
• Long-term health implications (长期的健康影响)
• Environmental degradation (环境退化)
• To damage the ecosystem (破坏生态系统)
• To contribute to climate change / global warming (导致气候变化/全球变暖)
• To disrupt wildlife habitats (破坏野生动物栖息地)

表达担忧:

• I'm deeply concerned about... (我对...深感担忧)
• It's a pressing issue / a growing problem. (这是一个紧迫的问题/一个日益严重的问题。)
• It's a source of great anxiety for me. (这让我非常焦虑。)
• What worries me is that... (让我担心的是...)
• I'm alarmed by the fact that... (我对...这一事实感到震惊。)
• It has a direct impact on our daily lives. (它直接影响我们的日常生活。)

思路与解析

这个回答的结构非常清晰,完全遵循了题目的四个要求。

1. What type of pollution it is?

   • 开门见山，直接点明是 "air pollution"。
   • 简单说明背景（住在大城市）,让故事更真实。

2. How it is caused?

   • 使用 "Firstly," "Secondly," "Lastly" 来组织观点,逻辑清晰。
   • 列出了三个主要原因：车辆、工厂和建筑工地，这些都是非常具体且普遍的例子,考官很容易理解。
   • 提到了具体的污染物，如 "nitrogen dioxide" 和 "particulate matter",展示了词汇量。

3. What effects it has on the environment and people's health?

   • 同样使用 "For the environment" 和 "For people's health" 来分点阐述。
   • 环境影响：酸雨、气候变化。
   • 健康影响：从哮喘到肺癌，列举了具体的疾病,有层次感。

4. And explain why you are concerned about it?

   • 这部分是展示你个人观点和深度思考的关键。
   • 提出了三个层面的担忧：
     • 无形威胁: "It's an invisible threat."
     • 普遍性: "It affects everyone."
     • 集体行动的必要性: "requires a collective effort." 这表明你不仅看到了个人层面，还看到了社会和政策层面,这是非常加分的。

如何个性化你的回答

你可以选择其他类型的污染,然后套用这个结构和思路。

如果你选择 "Water Pollution"

• What type: Water pollution in the river near my hometown.
• Caused by: Factories upstream dumping untreated chemical waste, and local people littering.
• Effects: The river water turned black and smelly, killing all the fish. People can't swim or fish there anymore. The contaminated water seeps into the ground, affecting our drinking water.
• Why concerned: It used to be a beautiful place for my family to spend weekends. Seeing it destroyed makes me sad. It's a valuable natural resource that we're wasting, and it will take decades to recover if we even start to fix it now.

如果你选择 "Noise Pollution"

• What type: Noise pollution from a construction site near my apartment.
• Caused by: A new skyscraper being built next door.
• Effects: It's impossible to sleep or concentrate on work. I have to keep my windows closed all the time, even in summer. It causes me a lot of stress and headaches.
• Why concerned: It has significantly lowered my quality of life. It's a constant, unavoidable source of annoyance. It makes me realize how much we take peace and quiet for granted in a busy city.

流畅度、自然度和真情实感比背诵完美的答案更重要,祝你考试顺利！