全球化如何影响雅思口语考试？-科普教育网

下面我将为你提供一个全面的备考指南，包括核心词汇、高分思路、各部分范例回答以及备考策略。

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核心词汇与短语

掌握这些词汇能让你在谈论全球化时显得更专业、更地道。

积极影响:

Economic integration: 经济一体化
Cultural exchange: 文化交流
Cross-cultural understanding: 跨文化理解
Access to a wider range of products: 接触到更多样化的产品
Global connectivity: 全球互联
Borderless world: 无国界的世界
Shared values: 共同的价值观
Technological advancement: 技术进步
International collaboration: 国际合作

消极影响:

Cultural homogenization: 文化同质化（文化趋同）
Loss of cultural identity: 失去文化认同感
Economic disparity: 经济差距
Exploitation of cheap labor: 剥削廉价劳动力
Environmental degradation: 环境恶化
Domination of Western/American culture: 西方/美国文化主导
Erosion of local traditions: 本地传统的侵蚀
Information overload: 信息过载

中立/描述性词汇:

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Double-edged sword: 一把双刃剑
To have both pros and cons: 有利有弊
It's a complex issue with many facets: 这是一个多方面的复杂问题
To be intertwined with...: 与...紧密相连
To shape our world in profound ways: 以深远的方式塑造我们的世界
Global village: 地球村
Interdependence: 相互依存

高分思路与答题策略

在回答全球化问题时，不要只停留在“好”或“坏”的简单层面,展示你的批判性思维和深度分析能力。

平衡观点 这是雅思口语高分的黄金法则，先承认全球化带来的好处，再指出其弊端,最后可以给出一个总结性的看法或建议。

举例说明 空谈理论很枯燥，用具体的例子来支撑你的观点，让回答更生动、更有说服力。

文化例子: 麦当劳、星巴克在全球的普及；好莱坞电影的影响力；K-pop的全球热潮。
经济例子: 中国制造的商品销往全球；苹果手机的全球供应链；跨国公司如Google, Amazon的运营。
科技例子: TikTok, Instagram等社交媒体的流行；远程工作的普及。

个人化 将宏大的话题与你的个人经历联系起来。

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"Speaking from my personal experience..."
"For instance, I often buy clothes online from..."
"My favorite music comes from a band in..."

使用高级句式

让步状语从句: "While globalization undoubtedly brings economic benefits, it also poses a significant threat to local cultures."
原因状语从句: "The reason why I believe globalization is a double-edged sword is that..."
定语从句: "The smartphone, which is a product of globalization, has completely changed the way we communicate."

各部分范例回答

Part 1: 相关问题

Examiner: Do you think the world is more globalized now than in the past? Candidate: Absolutely. I think we're living in a truly globalized era, much more so than, say, 30 years ago. The main driver, in my opinion, is the internet. It has made communication instantaneous and information accessible to almost everyone with a click. Back then, international communication was limited to letters and expensive phone calls. Now, I can video call my cousin who lives abroad for free. So, the world has definitely become a much smaller and more interconnected place.

Examiner: How has globalization affected your country? Candidate: Well, it's had a profound impact, both positive and negative. On the positive side, we've been exposed to a huge variety of foreign cultures. For example, you can find Japanese, Italian, and Mexican restaurants in almost any big city now. Economically, many foreign companies have set up branches here, creating jobs. However, there's a downside. Some people worry that our traditional culture is being eroded by this "Westernization." Younger generations are more familiar with Hollywood movies than with our own classic films. So, it's a classic double-edged sword.

Part 2: Cue Card (个人陈述)

Describe a positive change in your country due to globalization. You should say:

what the change is
how it happened
what effects it has had
and explain why you think it is a positive change.

高分回答思路与范例:

(What the change is) I'd like to talk about the proliferation of international coffee chains in my hometown, which I consider a very positive change. About ten years ago, coffee was something you mostly drank at home or in traditional Chinese tea houses. But now, you can't walk a few blocks without seeing a Starbucks, Costa Coffee, or a local independent café that has adopted a similar Western style.

(How it happened) This change is a direct result of globalization. As foreign companies entered the Chinese market, they brought their café culture with them. It started with the big international brands setting up shop in major shopping malls and commercial areas. This created a trend, and soon, even local entrepreneurs saw the potential and started opening their own modern, stylish cafés, often mimicking the Western aesthetic and business model.

(What effects it has had) The effects have been quite significant. Firstly, it has changed our social habits. Cafés have become the new "third place" – a social hub between home and work. People, especially the younger generation, now meet friends, study, or even hold small business meetings in these cafés. Secondly, it has boosted the local economy. It created thousands of jobs for baristas and service staff. Moreover, it has given rise to a whole new industry around coffee, including local coffee bean suppliers and barista training schools.

(And explain why you think it is a positive change) I believe this is a positive change for several reasons. Primarily, it has enriched our social life and given us more options for leisure. Secondly, it's a form of cultural exchange. While we're enjoying a cappuccino, we're also subtly adopting a more relaxed, Western-style social etiquette. Finally, it has driven up the quality of service and products in general, as local businesses have to compete with international standards. It’s a great example of how globalization can bring tangible benefits to our daily lives.

Part 3: 深入讨论

Examiner: Do you think all countries benefit equally from globalization? Candidate: That's an excellent question, and I'd say the answer is a resounding no. The benefits of globalization are very unevenly distributed. Generally speaking, developed nations and large, emerging economies like China and India tend to gain the most. They have the capital, technology, and infrastructure to take advantage of global markets. In contrast, many developing countries can be left behind. They might become mere suppliers of cheap raw materials or labor, which can exploit their workforce and damage their local industries. So, while the world is more connected, the gap between the rich and poor nations can actually widen.

Examiner: How do you think globalization will change in the future? Candidate: I think the nature of globalization is shifting. In the past, it was largely driven by Western corporations and focused on economic integration. I believe the future will see a more multi-polar form of globalization. We're already seeing this with the rise of Asian cultural and economic power, like K-pop and Chinese tech companies. Furthermore, there might be a backlash against hyper-globalization, with some countries prioritizing local industries and national security over free trade. So, I foresee a future that is less about "one-size-fits-all" globalization and more about a network of interconnected regional blocs, all while being more conscious of issues like sustainability and cultural preservation.

Examiner: What can be done to reduce the negative effects of globalization? Candidate: That's a complex issue that requires a multi-faceted approach. I think governments play a crucial role. They need to implement strong policies to protect local cultures and small businesses, perhaps through subsidies or regulations that prevent monopolies. Education is also key. By teaching people, especially the younger generation, about their own cultural heritage, we can foster a sense of pride and identity that is less susceptible to being washed away by foreign trends. On an international level, organizations like the UN should work to create fairer trade agreements that benefit developing nations more equitably. Ultimately, it's about finding a balance between opening up to the world and protecting what makes each country unique.