雅思口语pollution话题如何高效备考拿高分？-科普教育网

雅思口语 Pollution 话题全套培训方案

不要只会用 pollution, dirty, bad，使用精准、多样的词汇是高分的关键。

（图片来源网络，侵删）

核心名词:

Pollution (总称): 空气污染, 水污染, 噪音污染, 光污染, 土壤污染
- Air pollution: 雾霾, 尾气, 工业排放
  - Smog (雾霾), exhaust fumes (汽车尾气), industrial emissions (工业排放), particulate matter (PM2.5) (细颗粒物)
- Water pollution: 水污染, 工业废水, 生活污水
  - Industrial wastewater (工业废水), sewage (污水), water contamination (水污染), plastic waste (塑料垃圾)
- Noise pollution: 噪音污染
  - Traffic noise (交通噪音), construction noise (施工噪音), deafening noise (震耳欲聋的噪音)
- Light pollution: 光污染
  - Glare (眩光), skyglow (天空辉光)
- Soil pollution: 土壤污染
  - Soil contamination (土壤污染), toxic chemicals (有毒化学物质)

动词:

To pollute (污染): Contaminate (污染，尤指有毒物质), Litter (乱扔垃圾), Clog up (堵塞，如河流被垃圾堵塞)
To cause/lead to/result in (导致): Contribute to (促成，导致), Exacerbate (使恶化), Degrade (使退化，如环境退化)
To reduce/tackle/solve (解决): Alleviate (减轻，缓解), Mitigate (使缓和)，Combat (与...作斗争), Address the issue of... (处理...问题), Implement strict regulations/policies (实施严格的政策/法规)

形容词:

常用短语与搭配:

（图片来源网络，侵删）

环境问题: Environmental issues/problems, Ecological damage, The ecological balance (生态平衡)
可持续发展: Sustainable development, Environmental sustainability
提高意识: Raise public awareness, Educate the public
采取行动: Take action, Make a concerted effort (共同努力), Do one's part (尽自己的一份力)
后果: Have a detrimental impact on... (对...有不利影响), Pose a threat to... (对...构成威胁), Endanger public health (危害公众健康)

在口语中自然地使用复杂句式,能极大提升你的分数。

分词作状语

现在分词: 表主动或伴随状态。
- Seeing the worsening air quality, the government decided to take immediate action. (看到空气质量不断恶化，政府决定采取紧急行动。)
- Living in a city with heavy traffic, I'm constantly exposed to noise pollution. (生活在交通拥堵的城市里，我持续暴露在噪音污染中。)
过去分词: 表被动或完成。
（图片来源网络，侵删）
- Faced with severe water shortages, we must address the root cause of water pollution. (面对严重的水资源短缺，我们必须解决水污染的根本原因。)
- Having been polluted for decades, the river is now being restored. (这条河被污染了几十年，现在正在被修复。)

虚拟语气

用于表达建议、愿望或与事实相反的假设，非常有用。

If the government **were to** impose heavier fines on polluting companies, the situation **would be** much better. (如果政府对污染公司征收更重的罚款，情况会好得多。)
I **wish** people **would be** more environmentally conscious and stop littering. (我希望人们能有更强的环保意识，不要乱扔垃圾。)

"It" 作形式主语

使句子结构更平衡,避免头重脚轻。

It's **crucial** that we **take** immediate measures to combat plastic pollution. (我们立即采取行动对抗塑料污染至关重要。)
It's **a real shame** that many beautiful natural landscapes **are being** ruined by industrial waste. (许多美丽的自然景观被工业废料破坏，真是令人惋惜。)

"The more..., the more..." 结构

表达“越…越…”的递进关系。

The more** we rely on private cars, the more** severe the air pollution **becomes**. (我们越依赖私家车，空气污染就越严重。)

用有深度的观点和地道的说法征服考官。

观点升华:

从个人到社会: This isn't just an individual issue; it's a collective responsibility that requires action from every level of society, from the government to big corporations and us as ordinary citizens. (这不仅仅是个人问题，而是一个集体责任，需要社会各个层面，从政府、大公司到我们普通民众都采取行动。)
从经济到环境: Many cities prioritize economic growth over environmental protection, which is a shortsighted approach. Sustainable development should be the ultimate goal. (许多城市优先考虑经济增长而非环境保护，这是一种短视的做法，可持续发展才应是最终目标。)
科技的双刃剑: While technology has brought us convenience, it has also been a major source of pollution, especially e-waste. We need to develop greener technologies. (虽然科技给我们带来了便利，但它也是污染的主要来源，尤其是电子垃圾，我们需要开发更绿色的技术。)

地道习语与短语:

Kill two birds with one stone: We can kill two birds with one stone by promoting cycling, which not only reduces air pollution but also improves public health. (推广自行车可以一举两得，既能减少空气污染，又能改善公众健康。)
A necessary evil: Some people argue that industrialization is a necessary evil for a country's development, but I believe we can find a cleaner path. (一些人认为工业化是国家发展的必要之恶，但我相信我们能找到一条更清洁的道路。)
The tip of the iceberg: The plastic we see on beaches is just the tip of the iceberg; the real problem lies in the microplastics in our oceans. (我们在海滩上看到的塑料只是冰山一角，真正的问题在于海洋中的微塑料。)

雅思口语 Part 1, 2, 3 都可能涉及污染，我们要准备好串联。

Part 1: Introduction & Interview

Do you care about the environment?
- 高分回答: Yes, I do. I'm quite concerned about environmental issues, especially air and water pollution, as they directly affect our quality of life. (是的，我很关心，我对环境问题相当关注，尤其是空气和水污染，因为它们直接影响我们的生活质量。)
Is there much pollution in your hometown?
- 高分回答: Unfortunately, yes. My hometown is a rapidly developing industrial city, so we do suffer from a fair amount of air and noise pollution. However, the government has been taking steps to improve the situation, like planting more trees and promoting public transport. (不幸的是，是的，我的家乡是一个快速发展的工业城市，所以我们确实遭受了相当程度的空气和噪音污染，政府正在采取措施改善，比如种更多的树和推广公共交通。)